Pathogen collection
2,234 isolates of pathogens causing the main forest diseases
The result of resistance phenotyping depends on the identity, diversity and representativeness of the isolates used as inoculum. The collection holds isolates from different regions, hosts and collection years, with confirmed pathogenicity and documented aggressiveness.
Collection criteria
Quality, diversity and representativeness of the isolates
Confirmed identity and pathogenicity
Each isolate is maintained in pure culture, with the species identified and pathogenicity confirmed by inoculation before it is used in a trial.
Origin in different regions, hosts and years
Isolates of the same species differ in aggressiveness. With a large collection, a trial can use a panel of isolates that covers this variation, instead of a single isolate.
Correspondence with the field population
Isolates are chosen by origin and documented aggressiveness, so that the greenhouse result reflects the pathogen population present in the field.
Seven diseases, four organs
Infection site of each pathogen in the collection
The pathogens differ in their route of entry and in the organ they infect, so each disease has its own inoculation and assessment protocol. Select a pathogen to see its infection site and the typical progression of symptoms on the tree.
Schematic simulation of typical symptoms. It does not represent a time scale or a trial severity score.
- 1Bacterial wiltEnters through the roots and colonizes the vessels · Ralstonia solanacearumbacterium
- 2Ceratocystis wiltInfects the wood, usually through wounds · Ceratocystis fimbriatafungus
- 3Shoot blightInfects shoot tips and new shoots · Erwinia psidiibacterium
- 4Myrtle rustPustules on young tissue, in new shoots and young leaves · Austropuccinia psidiifungus
- 5Teratosphaeria leaf diseaseSpots on juvenile and adult leaves · Teratosphaeria spp.fungus
- 6Calonectria leaf blightLeaf spots that can cause defoliation · Calonectria spp.fungus
- 7Bacterial leaf blightLeaf lesions · Xanthomonas spp.bacterium
Variability among isolates
Lesion length of 28 isolates on the same clone
Each bar corresponds to a C. fimbriata isolate from the collection, inoculated on the same clone. Select an isolate to see how the choice of inoculum changes the interpretation of the trial.
From the field to the collection
Incorporation of isolates into the collection
An isolate is used in a trial only after it has been identified, tested for pathogenicity and recorded with its origin.
Collection
Samples of symptomatic plants collected in plantations, nurseries and client and partner areas.
Site, host and date recordedIsolation
Isolation of the pathogen from lesioned tissue and establishment of a pure culture.
Pure cultureIdentification
Morphological and, when necessary, molecular characterization.
Species confirmedPathogenicity
Inoculation of healthy plants to confirm pathogenicity and measure the aggressiveness of the isolate.
Documented aggressivenessPreservation
Long-term storage and a record sheet with origin, host, year and history of use.
Collection code · traceable in the reportDiseases assessed
Symptoms of the seven diseases recorded by the team
bacterium
fungusNext step
Isolation of pathogens from the client's area
When the pathogen of interest is not in the collection, the team collects, isolates and characterizes isolates from the company's area for use in the clone trials.
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